Eurostat and the JRC publish a set of 12 macroeconomic globalisation indicators, relevant for measuring EU global value chains' participation and total EU exposure, among other aspects.
The results for specific global value chain indicators are published using the FIGARO tables. These concern:
- employment supported by EU exports to the rest of the world
- value added generated by EU exports to the rest of the world
- greenhouse gas footprints linked to final consumption and investment in the EU
These macroeconomic globalisation indicators, published for the first time in 2024, can help policymakers and businesses understand changes in the global trade landscape, such as the growing importance of services, the rise of regional value chains, and the main dependencies and potential vulnerabilities that could negatively impact the smooth flow of goods and services between countries and/or regions.
The global value chains indicators aim to serve as a statistical reference for EU policymakers to make informed decisions towards a more competitive, strategically dependent, and decarbonised European economy.
The first version of indicators include:
- Exports – sum of exports for intermediate and final uses
- Imports – sum of imports for intermediate and final uses
- Domestic value added in exports – gross value added generated in the economy due to its exports
- Foreign value added in exports – gross value added generated elsewhere due to the exports of an economy
- Domestic value added in foreign final use – gross value added generated in the economy due to the domestic final use of other countries.
- Foreign value added in domestic final use – gross value added generated elsewhere due to the domestic final use of the economy.
- Forward participation – domestic gross value added in foreign exports as percentage of total exports.
- Backward participation – foreign gross value added in exports as percentage of total exports.
- GVC participation – sum of forward and backward participation.
- Total exposure – domestic gross value added generated by the exports of the economy to a trade partner directly and indirectly through third countries.
- Domestic employment in exports – employment supported in the economy due to its exports.
- Domestic employment in foreign final use – employment in the economy supported by the domestic final use of other countries.
